PRDX3

This gene encodes a protein with antioxidant function and is localized in the mitochondrion. This gene shows significant nucleotide sequence similarity to the gene coding for the C22 subunit of Salmonella typhimurium alkylhydroperoxide reductase. Expression of this gene product in E. coli deficient in the C22-subunit gene rescued resistance of the bacteria to alkylhydroperoxide. The human and mouse genes are highly conserved, and they map to the regions syntenic between mouse and human chromosomes. Sequence comparisons with recently cloned mammalian homologues suggest that these genes consist of a family that is responsible for regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and antioxidant functions. Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

Full Name

PRDX3

Function

Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides (PubMed:7733872, PubMed:17707404).
Acts synergistically with MAP3K13 to regulate the activation of NF-kappa-B in the cytosol (PubMed:12492477).

Biological Process

Cell redox homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Cellular response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Cellular response to reactive oxygen speciesManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Hydrogen peroxide catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
Maternal placenta developmentIEA:Ensembl
Mitochondrion organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Myeloid cell differentiationISS:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of apoptotic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of kinase activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Peptidyl-cysteine oxidationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of cell population proliferationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Regulation of mitochondrial membrane potentialManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Response to hydrogen peroxideManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Response to lipopolysaccharideISS:UniProtKB
Response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Early endosome
Localizes to early endosomes in a RPS6KC1-dependent manner.

PTM

Phosphorylated by LRRK2; phosphorylation reduces perodixase activity.
The enzyme can be inactivated by further oxidation of the cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH) to sulphinic acid (C(P)-SO2H) and sulphonic acid (C(P)-SO3H) instead of its condensation to a disulfide bond.
S-palmitoylated.