VPS29

This gene belongs to a group of vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) genes that, when functionally impaired, disrupt the efficient delivery of vacuolar hydrolases. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of a large multimeric complex, termed the retromer complex, which is involved in retrograde transport of proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. This VPS protein may be involved in the formation of the inner shell of the retromer coat for retrograde vesicles leaving the prevacuolar compartment. Alternative splice variants encoding different isoforms and representing non-protein coding transcripts have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

Full Name

VPS29, Retromer Complex Component

Function

Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX3-retromer mediates the retrograde endosome-to-TGN transport of WLS distinct from the SNX-BAR retromer pathway. The SNX27-retromer is believed to be involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of a broad spectrum of cargo proteins. The CSC seems to act as recruitment hub for other proteins, such as the WASH complex and TBC1D5. Required to regulate transcytosis of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-pIgA) (PubMed:15247922, PubMed:21725319, PubMed:23563491).
Acts also as component of the retriever complex. The retriever complex is a heterotrimeric complex related to retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC) and essential for retromer-independent retrieval and recycling of numerous cargos such as integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1) (PubMed:28892079).
In the endosomes, retriever complex drives the retrieval and recycling of NxxY-motif-containing cargo proteins by coupling to SNX17, a cargo essential for the homeostatic maintenance of numerous cell surface proteins associated with processes that include cell migration, cell adhesion, nutrient supply and cell signaling (PubMed:28892079).
The recruitment of the retriever complex to the endosomal membrane involves CCC and WASH complexes (PubMed:28892079).
Involved in GLUT1 endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking; the function is dependent of association with ANKRD27 (PubMed:24856514).
(Microbial infection) The heterotrimeric retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC) mediates the exit of human papillomavirus from the early endosome and the delivery to the Golgi apparatus.

Biological Process

Biological Process endocytic recycling Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process intracellular protein transport Source:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi Source:GO_Central1 Publication

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm
Membrane
Endosome membrane
Early endosome
Late endosome