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Rabbit Anti-AXIN1 Recombinant Antibody (CAP1007) (CBMAB-AP507LY)


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Summary

Host Animal
Rabbit
Specificity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Clone
CAP1007
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Application
WB, IP, IHC

Basic Information

Immunogen
Recombinant human Axin1.
Specificity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
ApplicationNote
WB1:1,000
IP1:50
IHC1:50

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Buffer
0.01M HEPES, pH 7.5, with 0.15M NaCl, 100µg/mL BSA, 50% glycerol
Preservative
0.02% sodium azide
Concentration
Batch dependent
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freezethaw cycles.

Target

Introduction
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein which contains a regulation of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain and a dishevelled and axin (DIX) domain. The encoded protein interacts with adenomatosis polyposis coli, catenin beta-1, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, protein phosphate 2, and itself. This protein functions as a negative regulator of the wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 (WNT) signaling pathway and can induce apoptosis. The crystal structure of a portion of this protein, alone and in a complex with other proteins, has been resolved. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastomas, ovarian endometriod adenocarcinomas, and medullablastomas. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
Entrez Gene ID
8312
UniProt ID
O15169
Alternative Names
Axin 1; Protein Phosphatase 1, Regulatory Subunit 49; Axis Inhibition Protein 1; AXIN; Fused, Mouse, Homolog Of; Axis Inhibitor 1; PPP1R49; Axin-1; HAxin;
Function
Component of the beta-catenin destruction complex required for regulating CTNNB1 levels through phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and modulating Wnt-signaling (PubMed:12192039, PubMed:27098453).
Controls dorsoventral patterning via two opposing effects; down-regulates CTNNB1 to inhibit the Wnt signaling pathway and ventralize embryos, but also dorsalizes embryos by activating a Wnt-independent JNK signaling pathway (PubMed:12192039).
In Wnt signaling, probably facilitates the phosphorylation of CTNNB1 and APC by GSK3B (PubMed:12192039).
Likely to function as a tumor suppressor. Enhances TGF-beta signaling by recruiting the RNF111 E3 ubiquitin ligase and promoting the degradation of inhibitory SMAD7 (PubMed:16601693).
Also component of the AXIN1-HIPK2-TP53 complex which controls cell growth, apoptosis and development (PubMed:17210684).
Facilitates the phosphorylation of TP53 by HIPK2 upon ultraviolet irradiation (PubMed:17210684).
Biological Process
Activation of protein kinase activity Source: BHF-UCL
Apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Beta-catenin destruction complex assembly Source: Reactome
Beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly Source: Reactome
Cellular protein-containing complex assembly Source: BHF-UCL
Multicellular organism development Source: UniProtKB-KW
Negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Positive regulation of JNK cascade Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of protein catabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of protein ubiquitination Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity Source: BHF-UCL
Regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Regulation of Wnt signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Wnt signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Cellular Location
Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Membrane. MACF1 is required for its translocation to cell membrane (By similarity). On UV irradiation, translocates to the nucleus and colocalizes with DAAX (PubMed:17210684).
Involvement in disease
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. The major risk factors for HCC are chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, prolonged dietary aflatoxin exposure, alcoholic cirrhosis, and cirrhosis due to other causes.
Caudal duplication anomaly (CADUA): A condition characterized by the occurrence of duplications of different organs in the caudal region.
PTM
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of AXIN1 regulates assembly and function of the beta-catenin complex. Phosphorylated by CK1 and GSK3B. Dephosphorylated by PPP1CA and PPP2CA. Phosphorylation by CK1 enhances binding of GSK3B to AXIN1.
ADP-ribosylated by tankyrase TNKS and TNKS2. Poly-ADP-ribosylated protein is recognized by RNF146, followed by ubiquitination at 'Lys-48' and subsequent activation of the Wnt signaling pathway.
Ubiquitinated by RNF146 when poly-ADP-ribosylated, leading to its degradation and subsequent activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Sumoylation at Lys-857 and Lys-860 prevents ubiquitination and degradation. Sumoylation is required for AXIN1-mediated JNK activation. Deubiquitinated by USP34, deubiquitinated downstream of beta-catenin stabilization step: deubiquitination is important for nuclear accumulation during Wnt signaling to positively regulate beta-catenin (CTNBB1)-mediated transcription.
More Infomation

Wang, W., Liu, P., Lavrijsen, M., Li, S., Zhang, R., Li, S., ... & Smits, R. (2021). Evaluation of AXIN1 and AXIN2 as targets of tankyrase inhibition in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-13.

Li, J., Knudsen, J. R., Henriquez‐Olguin, C., Li, Z., Birk, J. B., Persson, K. W., ... & Jensen, T. E. (2021). AXIN1 knockout does not alter AMPK/mTORC1 regulation and glucose metabolism in mouse skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology, 599(12), 3081-3100.

Yang, W., Cui, G., Ding, M., Yang, M., & Dai, D. (2020). MicroRNA‐124‐3p. 1 promotes cell proliferation through Axin1‐dependent Wnt signaling pathway and predicts a poor prognosis of triple‐negative breast cancer. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 34(7), e23266.

Said, N. M., Moustafa, H. Y., & Abdel Aziz, S. (2020). Association between AXIN1 gene polymorphisms (wnt signaling pathway gene) and nephropathy induced by diabetes and hypertension in the Egyptian population. Biochemistry Letters, 16(1), 128-150.

Garrett, S., Zhang, Y. G., & Sun, J. (2019). Intestinal Axin1 Regulation of Epithelial Functions and Host‐Microbial Interactions in Health and Inflammation. The FASEB Journal, 33(S1), 764-5.

Ek, M., Roth, B., Engström, G., & Ohlsson, B. (2019). AXIN1 in plasma or serum is a potential new biomarker for endometriosis. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(1), 189.

Qiao, Y., Wang, J., Karagoz, E., Liang, B., Song, X., Shang, R., ... & Chen, X. (2019). Axis inhibition protein 1 (Axin1) deletion–induced hepatocarcinogenesis requires intact β‐catenin but not notch cascade in mice. Hepatology, 70(6), 2003-2017.

Khan, I., Ansari, I. A., Singh, P., Dass, J. F. P., & Khan, F. (2018). Identification and characterization of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Axin 1 gene: a molecular dynamics approach. Cell biochemistry and biophysics, 76(1), 173-185.

Abitbol, S., Dahmani, R., Coulouarn, C., Ragazzon, B., Mlecnik, B., Senni, N., ... & Gilgenkrantz, H. (2018). AXIN deficiency in human and mouse hepatocytes induces hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of β-catenin activation. Journal of hepatology, 68(6), 1203-1213.

Picco, G., Petti, C., Centonze, A., Torchiaro, E., Crisafulli, G., Novara, L., ... & Medico, E. (2017). Loss of AXIN1 drives acquired resistance to WNT pathway blockade in colorectal cancer cells carrying RSPO 3 fusions. EMBO molecular medicine, 9(3), 293-303.

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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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