AAV9 Antibodies

Background

AAV9 belongs to adeno-associated virus serotype 9 and is a non-pathogenic single-stranded DNA virus widely used in the field of gene therapy. Its capsid structure has the ability to efficiently cross the vascular barrier and can specifically target tissues such as myocardial muscle, skeletal muscle and the central nervous system. This virus was first isolated and identified through directed evolution technology in 2005. Its prominent feature that distinguishes it from other serotypes is its ability to achieve systemic delivery across the blood-brain barrier. This breakthrough discovery directly promoted the development of gene drugs for neurological diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy. Due to its stable long-term expression characteristics and low immunogenicity, the AAV9 vector has become one of the most clinically valuable viral vectors in the research of genetic disease treatment. The optimization research of related vectors continuously promotes the development of precision medical technology.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of AAV9

AAV9 is a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector, with a capsid protein molecular weight of approximately 73 kDa. This capsid is composed of three subunits VP1/2/3. The molecular weight differences among different serotypes mainly result from the specificity of the spatial conformation of the capsid protein.

Serotype	AAV2	AAV8	AAV9	AAV-DJ	AAV-Rh74
Capsid particle size (nm)	22-26	25-28	25-28	24-27	26-29
Structural features	Classic model	Enhanced hepatic tropism	The blood-brain barrier is penetrated	Chimeric optimization type	Primate specific

The AAV9 capsid is composed of approximately 60 VP protein subunits, forming a three-dimensional icosahedral structure, with 9 unique protruding domains on its surface. These protrusions are composed of the GH ring region of the VP1 protein, containing receptor-binding epitopes, among which the circular region formed by the amino acids at positions 458-492 directly mediates cell transmembrane action. The basic amino acid clusters inside the capsid are responsible for genomic packaging, while the distribution of charged amino acids on the surface determines its characteristics and tissue orientation in crossing the blood-brain barrier.

Fig. 1:AAV9 Gene Delivery Prior to Myocardial Infarction. Fig. 1 AAV9 Gene Delivery Prior to Myocardial Infarction.¹

Key structural properties of AAV9:

Unencapsulated icosahedral protein capsid
Distinctive protrusion domains on the surface
Mediated cells in film and the target function
Single-strand DNA genome packaging within the capsid

Functions of AAV9

The main function of AAV9 is to serve as an efficient delivery vector for gene therapy. In addition, it has also participated in and inspired a variety of advanced genetic manipulation strategies.

Function	Description
Gene delivery	Through its capsid structure, it mediates cell infection and effectively introduces therapeutic genes into target cells.
In vivo transduction	Achieving long-lasting gene expression in living animals is particularly adept at penetrating the blood-brain barrier to target the central nervous system.
Tissue targeting	The unique domains on its capsid surface endow it with a natural affinity for tissues such as the heart muscle, skeletal muscle and liver.
Immune regulation	Compared with other serotypes, AAV9 can trigger relatively mild host immune responses in some cases, which is beneficial for long-term efficacy.
Therapeutic application	As the core carrier of approved drugs such as Zolgensma, it offers hope for a radical cure for genetic diseases like spinal muscular atrophy.

The transduction characteristics of AAV9 exhibit broad tissue tropism. Its capsid structure interacts with various cell surface receptors, which enables it to efficiently infect target organs even after systemic administration and makes it one of the most widely used vectors in in vivo gene therapy.

Applications of AAV9 and AAV9 Antibody in Literature

1. Zhong, Peng, et al. "AAV9‐mediated CIRP gene transfer protects against cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in a rat model of myocardial infarction." Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 28.19 (2024): e70084. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.70084

This study mediated the overexpression of cold-induced RNA-binding protein (CIRP) in the heart through AAV9 and found that it could improve the cardiac function of rats with myocardial infarction, inhibit cardiac inflammatory responses and adverse remodeling, indicating that CIRP has a protective effect on the heart.

2. Abeliovich, Asa, Franz Hefti, and Jeffrey Sevigny. "Gene therapy for Parkinson's disease associated with GBA1 mutations." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 11.s2 (2021): S183-S188. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212739

This study, through the AAV9 gene therapy PR001, aims to deliver the functional GBA1 gene to the brain to restore the activity of glucocerebellase, thereby slowing down the disease progression of GBA1-mutated Parkinson's disease. It is currently in the clinical trial stage.

3. Danquah, Bright D., et al. "Mass Spectrometric analysis of antibody—Epitope peptide complex dissociation: Theoretical concept and practical procedure of binding strength characterization." Molecules 25.20 (2020): 4776. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI146286

In this study, through intrathecal injection of AAV9 gene therapy, the MFSD8 gene can be effectively delivered, significantly improving the pathological characteristics and behavioral defects of CLN7 disease mouse models and prolonging their lifespan. Preclinical studies have confirmed that this therapy is safe and effective.

4. Huang, Pianpian, et al. "Redd1 knockdown prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiac senescence." Aging (Albany NY) 13.10 (2021): 13788. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202972

Research has found that Redd1 protein promotes the aging of myocardial cells. In vivo experiments, the delivery of shRNA using the AAV9 vector to knock down Redd1 could significantly alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction and aging-related phenotypes in mice.

5. Bozoglu, Tarik, et al. "Endothelial retargeting of AAV9 in vivo." Advanced Science 9.7 (2022): 2103867. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202103867

In this study, the G2CNN-modified AAV9 vector was successfully used to achieve efficient targeted gene transduction on vascular endothelial cells in mice and pigs. This carrier can respectively mediate the specific adhesion of white blood cells, anti-inflammation and blood pressure regulation, providing a new tool for the research of vascular diseases and atherosclerosis.

Creative Biolabs: AAV9 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality AAV9 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom AAV9 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our AAV9 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Zhong, Peng, et al. "AAV9‐mediated CIRP gene transfer protects against cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in a rat model of myocardial infarction." Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 28.19 (2024): e70084. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.70084