IL2RA Antibodies

Structure of IL2RA

The protein encoded by the IL2RA gene (interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, CD25) has a molecular weight of approximately 55-60 kDa. The exact size may vary slightly due to post-translational modifications and species differences.

This protein is composed of approximately 272 amino acids (in its precursor form), and its extracellular part contains a cysteine-rich domain and a complement control protein (CCP)-like domain, which are crucial for ligand binding. Its secondary structure is mainly composed of β-sheets, forming a rigid extracellular ligand-binding interface. The transmembrane region anchors the protein to the cell membrane, while the shorter intracellular tail, although without catalytic activity, plays an important role in the internalization of the receptor complex and the regulation of signal transduction.

Fig. 1 Tentative model for the activation of IL2RA gene expression.¹

Key structural properties of IL2RA:

• The extracellular region is dominated by β-folded and rigid domains, which form the ligand-binding interface
• Cysteine-rich domains stabilize extracellular conformations
• Intracellular structure domain extremely short, mainly responsible for signal transduction and receptor memory

Functions of IL2RA

The CD25 protein encoded by the IL2RA gene, whose main function is to serve as a key subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor, participates in the precise regulation of the immune system. The specific physiological processes involving this protein are as follows:

Unlike myoglobin which has a single function, CD25 does not directly bind to signaling molecules. Its function is entirely dependent on the complex formed with IL-2 and other receptor chains. The differential expression and function of CD25 on regulatory T cells and effector T cells reflect its dual precise regulatory role in the immune system, which both promotes responses and maintains tolerance.

Applications of IL2RA and IL2RA Antibody in Literature

1. Milani, Pascale, et al. "Mechanics of the IL2RA gene activation revealed by modeling and atomic force microscopy." Plos one 6.4 (2011): e18811. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018811

Through microscopic techniques and model simulations, this study discovered that the PRRII region of the IL2RA promoter contains a natural negative superhelix. Its dynamic curvature causes the vertex to gradually approach the transcription initiation site, promoting local DNA unwinding and mediating the specific binding of transcription factors, thereby revealing the crucial role of the dynamic changes in the promoter conformation at the transcription initiation stage.

2. Andrabi, Syed Bilal Ahmad, et al. "Long noncoding RNA LIRIL2R modulates FOXP3 levels and suppressive function of human CD4+ regulatory T cells by regulating IL2RA." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 121.23 (2024): e2315363121. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2315363121

The research has found that the long non-coding RNA LIRIL2R, which is highly expressed during the differentiation process of regulatory T cells, can bind to the upstream region of the IL2RA gene. By reshaping the epigenetic state, it positively regulates the expression of this gene, which is crucial for maintaining the inhibitory function of T cells.

3. Buhelt, Sophie, et al. "IL2RA methylation and gene expression in relation to the multiple sclerosis-associated gene variant rs2104286 and soluble IL-2Rα in CD8+ T cells." Frontiers in Immunology 12 (2021): 676141. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.676141

The research found that in the study of multiple sclerosis, a specific CpG site within the IL2RA gene, related to the risk SNP rs2104286, exhibited an allelic-specific methylation pattern. However, this site did not directly affect the expression of IL2RA. The level of soluble IL-2Rα was negatively correlated with the expression of various immune genes, suggesting that it may have an inhibitory effect on the CD8+ T cell response.

4. Gil-Quiñones, S. R., et al. "Effect of PTPN22, FAS/FASL, IL2RA and CTLA4 genetic polymorphisms on the risk of developing alopecia areata: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis." PLoS One 16.11 (2021): e0258499. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258499

This systematic review evaluated the association between multiple genes and the risk of alopecia areata. The analysis indicated that the rs2476601 polymorphism (T allele) of the PTPN22 gene was a definite risk factor for alopecia areata, while variations in the FAS, FASL, CTLA4, and IL2RA genes did not show significant correlations. Further research is needed to validate these findings.

5. Du, Wen, et al. "High IL2RA mRNA expression is an independent adverse prognostic biomarker in core binding factor and intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia." Journal of translational medicine 17.1 (2019): 191. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-019-1926-z

This study has confirmed that in acute myeloid leukemia, the highly expressed IL2RA mRNA is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. It is significantly correlated with shorter relapse-free survival and overall survival periods of patients, and its prognostic value is particularly prominent in CBF-AML and intermediate-risk AML patients.

Creative Biolabs: IL2RA Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality IL2RA antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom IL2RA Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our IL2RA antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.