IL2RA
The interleukin 2 (IL2) receptor alpha (IL2RA) and beta (IL2RB) chains, together with the common gamma chain (IL2RG), constitute the high-affinity IL2 receptor. Homodimeric alpha chains (IL2RA) result in low-affinity receptor, while homodimeric beta (IL2RB) chains produce a medium-affinity receptor. Normally an integral-membrane protein, soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolyisis. Alternately-spliced IL2RA mRNAs have been isolated, but the significance of each is presently unknown. Mutations in this gene are associated with interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]
Full Name
Interleukin 2 Receptor Subunit Alpha
Function
Receptor for interleukin-2. The receptor is involved in the regulation of immune tolerance by controlling regulatory T cells (TREGs) activity. TREGs suppress the activation and expansion of autoreactive T-cells.
Biological Process
Activation-induced cell death of T cellsIEA:Ensembl
Apoptotic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Cell surface receptor signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Immune responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Inflammatory responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Inflammatory response to antigenic stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of inflammatory responseIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of T cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Notch signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of activated T cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of T cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of T cell tolerance inductionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Cellular Location
Membrane
Involvement in disease
Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 10 (IDDM10):
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.
Immunodeficiency 41 with lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity (IMD41):
A disorder of immune dysregulation characterized by recurrent viral, fungal, and bacterial infections, lymphadenopathy, and variable autoimmune features, such as autoimmune enteropathy and eczematous skin lesions.
Topology
Extracellular: 22-240
Helical: 241-259
Cytoplasmic: 260-272
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