OAS3

This gene encodes an enzyme included in the 2', 5' oligoadenylate synthase family. This enzyme is induced by interferons and catalyzes the 2', 5' oligomers of adenosine in order to bind and activate RNase L. This enzyme family plays a significant role in the inhibition of cellular protein synthesis and viral infection resistance.

Full Name

2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase 3

Function

Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes preferentially dimers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. Displays antiviral activity against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Dengue virus, Sindbis virus (SINV) and Semliki forest virus (SFV).

Biological Process

Defense response to bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Defense response to virusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Innate immune responseIEA:UniProtKB-KW
MDA-5 signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of IP-10 productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of viral genome replicationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Nucleobase-containing compound metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Positive regulation of interferon-beta productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Regulation of ribonuclease activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Response to virusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
RIG-I signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm
Nucleus