PTGS2 Antibodies

Structure of PTGS2

PTGS2 (prostaglandin endoperoxidase 2) is an enzyme protein with a molecular weight of approximately 70 kDa. This molecular weight is relatively constant among different mammalian species because its key enzyme functional domain is highly conserved.

This protein contains approximately 600 amino acids, and its primary structure folds to form a typical three-part structure: an epidermal growth factor-like domain at the N-terminal, a transmembrane anchoring domain, and a large spherical catalytic domain at the C-terminal containing a heme cofactor. The secondary structure of PTGS2 is mainly composed of α -helices and β -folds, which together form a long hydrophobic channel. The key catalytic sites in its tertiary structure are composed of tyrosine-385 residues located deep in the channel and adjacent heme cofactors. The proximal histidine -388 residue coordinates with heme iron, while the distal arginine -120 and other residues are involved in stabilizing the substrate and regulating the specific synthesis of prostaglandin precursors.

Fig. 1 Roles of PTGS2/COX2-PGE2 in different inflammatory situations.¹

Key structural properties of PTGS2:

• Compact spherical catalytic domain
• Contains long hydrophobic channels as substrate binding sites
• Epoxidation reaction relies on heme excipients

Functions of PTGS2

The main function of the PTGS2 gene (prostaglandin peroxidase 2) is to catalyze a key step in prostaglandin biosynthesis. However, it also plays a core role in a variety of pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory responses, pain perception and cell proliferation regulation.

The enzymatic activity kinetics of PTGS2 exhibits typical characteristics of Mie enzymes, and its catalytic efficiency is strictly regulated by the concentration of the substrate (arachidonic acid) and the REDOX state of heme. Compared with the constitutive expression of PTGS1, the induced expression of PTGS2 and its specific upregulation under pathological conditions make it an important target for anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs.

Applications of PTGS2 and PTGS2 Antibody in Literature

• Martín-Vázquez, Eugenia, et al. "The PTGS2/COX2-PGE2 signaling cascade in inflammation: Pro or anti? A case study with type 1 diabetes mellitus." International journal of biological sciences 19.13 (2023): 4157. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.86492

The article indicates that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is produced by the induced cyclooxygenase PTGS2/COX2 and plays a complex role in type 1 diabetes. It may not only promote pancreatic β -cell damage but also have a protective effect. Targeting this signaling pathway may provide new strategies for treatment.

• Yan, Suyan, et al. "ADAM17/PTGS2 Facilitates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Ferroptosis." Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 29.5 (2025): e70466. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.70466

Research has found that ADAM17 promotes pulmonary fibrosis by up-regulating PTGS2 and inducing ferroptosis in pulmonary fibroblasts. Inhibiting ADAM17 can effectively alleviate the fibrosis process in mouse models, providing a new target for the treatment of this disease.

• Jiang, Yun, et al. "LCN2 depletion aggravates sepsis-induced liver injury by regulating PTGS2-dependent ferroptosis." International journal of medical sciences 21.14 (2024): 2770. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.98246

Studies have revealed that lipocalin 2 (LCN2) exerts a protective effect in septic liver injury by inhibiting the expression of PTGS2 to alleviate ferroptosis. The deficiency of LCN2 will aggravate liver damage.

• Li, Zhao-Cheng, and Fu An. "ERBB2-PTGS2 axis promotes intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating senescence of nucleus pulposus cells." BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 24.1 (2023): 504. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06625-1 

Research has found that the aging and degeneration of intervertebral disc cells are closely related. The ERBB2 gene alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the expression of PTGS2 and delaying the aging of nucleus pulposus cells. The ERBB2-PTGS2 axis provides a new target for the treatment of this disease.

• Tan, Cheng, et al. "Activation of PTGS2/NF‐κB signaling pathway enhances radiation resistance of glioma." Cancer medicine 8.3 (2019): 1175-1185. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.1971 

Research has found that PTGS2 enhances radiotherapy tolerance in gliomas by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, and its overexpression can promote tumor proliferation and reduce DNA damage. This pathway provides a new target for the treatment of glioma.

Creative Biolabs: PTGS2 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality PTGS2 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom PTGS2 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our PTGS2 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.