RCC1

RCC1 (Regulator Of Chromosome Condensation 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with RCC1 include Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia and Retinitis Pigmentosa. Among its related pathways are Transport of the SLBP independent Mature mRNA and DNA Damage. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include chromatin binding and nucleosomal DNA binding. An important paralog of this gene is RPGR.

Full Name

Regulator Of Chromosome Condensation 1

Function

Guanine-nucleotide releasing factor that promotes the exchange of Ran-bound GDP by GTP, and thereby plays an important role in RAN-mediated functions in nuclear import and mitosis (PubMed:1944575, PubMed:17435751, PubMed:20668449, PubMed:22215983, PubMed:11336674).
Contributes to the generation of high levels of chromosome-associated, GTP-bound RAN, which is important for mitotic spindle assembly and normal progress through mitosis (PubMed:12194828, PubMed:17435751, PubMed:22215983).
Via its role in maintaining high levels of GTP-bound RAN in the nucleus, contributes to the release of cargo proteins from importins after nuclear import (PubMed:22215983).
Involved in the regulation of onset of chromosome condensation in the S phase (PubMed:3678831).
Binds both to the nucleosomes and double-stranded DNA (PubMed:17435751, PubMed:18762580).

Biological Process

Cell divisionIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Chromosome segregationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Mitotic nuclear membrane reassemblyTAS:Reactome
Mitotic spindle organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Regulation of mitotic nuclear divisionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Spindle assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Viral processTAS:Reactome

Cellular Location

Nucleus
Chromosome
Cytoplasm
Predominantly nuclear in interphase cells (PubMed:12194828).
Binds to mitotic chromosomes (PubMed:12194828, PubMed:17435751, PubMed:20668449).

PTM

N-terminal methylation by METTL11A/NTM1 is required for binding double-stranded DNA and stable chromatin association. Di- and trimethylation produce a permanent positive charge on the amino group, which facilitates electrostatic binding to the phosphate groups on DNA, while inhibiting histone-binding. Methylated tail helps retain RCC1 on chromosomes during nucleotide exchange on Ran.