TLR6

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor functionally interacts with toll-like receptor 2 to mediate cellular response to bacterial lipoproteins. A Ser249Pro polymorphism in the extracellular domain of the encoded protein may be associated with an increased of asthma is some populations.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

TLR6 Gene(Protein Coding) Toll Like Receptor 6

Participates in the innate immune response to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Specifically recognizes diacylated and, to a lesser extent, triacylated lipopeptides (PubMed:20037584).
In response to diacylated lipopeptides, forms the activation cluster TLR2:TLR6:CD14:CD36, this cluster triggers signaling from the cell surface and subsequently is targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway (PubMed:16880211).
Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Recognizes mycoplasmal macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2kD (MALP-2), soluble tuberculosis factor (STF), phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) and B.burgdorferi outer surface protein A lipoprotein (OspA-L) cooperatively with TLR2 (PubMed:11441107).
In complex with TLR4, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to CD36. This event induces the formation of a heterodimer of TLR4 and TLR6, which is rapidly internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to the NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway, as well as IL1B secretion (PubMed:11441107, PubMed:20037584).

Biological Process activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activitySource:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process cell activationSource:AgBase1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to amyloid-betaSource:ComplexPortal1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to bacterial lipopeptideSource:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptideSource:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulusSource:ComplexPortal1 Publication
Biological Process defense response to bacteriumSource:ProtInc1 Publication
Biological Process detection of diacyl bacterial lipopeptideSource:MGI1 Publication
Biological Process immune responseSource:ProtInc1 Publication
Biological Process inflammatory responseSource:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process innate immune responseSource:ComplexPortal1 Publication
Biological Process MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathwaySource:ComplexPortal1 Publication
Biological Process negative regulation of interleukin-8 productionSource:ARUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathwaySource:ARUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory responseSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of gene expressionSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signalingSource:MGI1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta productionSource:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of interleukin-6 productionSource:UniProtKBBy Similarity
Biological Process positive regulation of JUN kinase activitySource:MGI1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of macrophage activationSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activitySource:ARUK-UCL2 Publications
Biological Process positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic processSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assemblySource:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron deathSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processSource:ARUK-UCL
Biological Process signal transductionSource:ProtInc1 Publication
Biological Process toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathwaySource:InterPro
Biological Process toll-like receptor signaling pathwaySource:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process toll-like receptor TLR6:TLR2 signaling pathwaySource:ComplexPortal1 Publication
Biological Process TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathwaySource:ARUK-UCL

Cell membrane
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane
Membrane raft
Golgi apparatus
Upon complex formation with CD36 and TLR4, internalized through dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Does not reside in lipid rafts before stimulation but accumulates increasingly in the raft upon the presence of the microbial ligand. In response to diacylated lipoproteins, TLR2:TLR6 heterodimers are recruited in lipid rafts, this recruitment determine the intracellular targeting to the Golgi apparatus (PubMed:16880211).

Extracellular: 32-586
Helical: 587-607
Cytoplasmic: 608-796