ARNT Antibodies

Background

The ARNT gene, as a core member of the basic helical ring-helix /PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH/PAS) transcription factor family, is widely present in eukaryotes. It participates in regulating key physiological processes such as the metabolic response to exogenous toxins and cellular hypoxia adaptation by forming heterodimers with proteins like aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AHR) or hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF). In terms of molecular function, ARNT directly affects cellular energy metabolism, angiogenesis and oxidative stress balance by mediating gene transcriptional activation. This gene was identified in the early 1990s. The analysis of its structure revealed the specific mechanism of the bHLH-PAS domain in dimerization and DNA binding, providing an important molecular basis for understanding the association between environmental signal transduction and diseases (such as cancer and metabolic disorders), and has become a key research object in the field of biomedicine.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of ARNT

The ARNT protein is a transcription factor with a molecular weight of approximately 87-90 kDa, and its precise molecular weight varies by species and isomer. This protein belongs to the BHLH-PAS family, and its primary structure contains multiple functional domains: the bHLH domain at the N-terminal is responsible for DNA recognition and binding, followed by two PAS domains (PASa and PAS-B) mediating protein dimerization, and the C-terminal contains the transcriptional activation domain.

Species	Human	Mouse	Rat	Zebrafish
Molecular Weight (kDa)	87.3	86.9	87.1	88.5
Primary Structural Differences	There are multiple selective splicing isomers	Highly homologous to human ARNT	There are minor variations in the PAS-B domain	Conservative bHLH structure domain is higher

The tertiary structure of ARNT enables it to function by forming heterodimers with different partner proteins, such as HIF-1α or AHR. This dimerization mainly occurs in the PAS-B domain, thereby activating the gene transcription involved in processes such as hypoxia stress and metabolic detoxification.

Fig. 1:Schematic of ARNT protein structural domains. Fig. 1 Schematic of ARNT protein structural domains.¹

Key structural properties of ARNT:

Typical bHLH-PAS domain architecture
PAS - B structure domain mediated specificity protein polymerization
Basic helix-loop-helix is responsible for DNA recognition and binding
Carboxyl terminal transcription activation domain launch target gene expression

Functions of ARNT

The core function of ARNT protein is to act as a transcription factor, mediating the cell's response to hypoxia and environmental toxins. However, it is also widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including metabolic regulation and embryonic development.

Function	Description
Regulation of hypoxia response	Form dimer with HIF-1α, activate target gene transcription, promote angiogenesis and erythrocyte generation in response to hypoxia environment.
Metabolism of exogenous toxins	As a dimerization partner of the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), it initiates the gene expression of detoxification enzyme systems such as cytochrome P450.
Regulation of energy metabolism	Involved in regulation of glucose metabolism and function of mitochondria, affect the cell's energy balance.
Embryo development support	Gene knockout models are crucial for the normal development of the placenta and cardiovascular system, and they show embryonic lethality.
Circadian rhythm Effect	Through the interaction with the clock protein, indirectly involved in the gene expression of the internal control network.

The functional exertion of ARNT depends on its specific dimerization with different partner proteins. This flexibility makes it a key integrator in cellular signal transduction, and its abnormal activity is closely related to various diseases such as cancer and metabolic diseases.

Applications of ARNT and ARNT Antibody in Literature

1. Alafate, Wahafu, et al. "Targeting ARNT attenuates chemoresistance through destabilizing p38α-MAPK signaling in glioblastoma." Cell Death & Disease 15.5 (2024): 366. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-06735-1

This study reveals that ARNT is highly expressed in glioblastoma (GBM) and is associated with a poor prognosis. ARNT promotes chemotherapy resistance by enhancing the proliferation, invasion, dryness of tumor cells and activating the p38 MAPK pathway. Targeting the ArNT-P38 α interaction can reverse drug resistance, indicating that ARNT is a potential therapeutic target for GBM.

2. Ullah, Karim, et al. "Targeting endothelial HIF2α/ARNT expression for ischemic heart disease therapy." Biology 12.7 (2023): 995. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12070995

This review explores the key role of ARNT in ischemic heart disease (IHD). As a necessary companion of HIF2α, ARNT regulates inflammation and maintains barrier integrity in vascular endothelial cells, and its signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for IHD.

3. Furue, Masutaka, et al. "Role of AhR/ARNT system in skin homeostasis." Archives of Dermatological Research 306.9 (2014): 769-779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-014-1481-7

This review summarizes the core role of ARNT as a key dimerization partner of AhR in maintaining homeostasis such as skin oxidative balance, barrier function and immune regulation, and reveals the important regulatory mechanisms of the AhR/ARNT system.

4. Zhang, Dan-dan, et al. "Per-Arnt-Sim Kinase (PASK): An emerging regulator of mammalian glucose and lipid metabolism." Nutrients 7.9 (2015): 7437-7450. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7095347

This review explores the key role of nutrition-sensing kinase PASK in regulating glycolipid metabolism, insulin secretion and mitochondrial function. PASK deficiency can resist obesity and insulin resistance, indicating that it is a potential new target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

5. Feng, Huapeng, et al. "ARNT inhibits H5N1 influenza A virus replication by interacting with the PA protein." Viruses 14.7 (2022): 1347. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14071347

This study was the first to discover the interaction between the host protein ARNT and the PA protein of the H5N1 avian influenza virus. Overexpression of ARNT can retain PA in the cell nucleus, thereby significantly inhibiting the activity and replication of viral polymerase. Knocking down ARNT promotes virus replication. It indicates that ARNT is a potential therapeutic target against H5N1 virus infection.

Creative Biolabs: ARNT Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality ARNT antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom ARNT Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our ARNT antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Alafate, Wahafu, et al. "Targeting ARNT attenuates chemoresistance through destabilizing p38α-MAPK signaling in glioblastoma." Cell Death & Disease 15.5 (2024): 366. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-06735-1

Anti-ARNT antibodies

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Rabbit Anti-ARNT Recombinant Antibody (
2F11) (V2LY-0725-LY604)

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Target: ARNT

Host: Rabbit

Antibody Isotype: IgG

Specificity: Human

Clone: 2F11

Application*: E, WB, IH, IP