FFAR4

This gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) which belongs to the rhodopsin family of GPRs. The encoded protein functions as a receptor for free fatty acids, including omega-3, and participates in suppressing anti-inflammatory responses and insulin sensitizing. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Full Name

free fatty acid receptor 4

Biological Process

Brown fat cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Ghrelin secretion Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Hormone secretion Source: GO_Central
Inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB-KW
Negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of cytokine production Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of inflammatory response Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of somatostatin secretion Source: UniProtKB
Phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Source: YuBioLab
Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of glucagon secretion Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Source: UniProtKB
White fat cell differentiation Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Isoform 1: Cell membrane; Lysosome membrane; Endosome membrane. Sorted to late endosome/lysosome compartments upon internalization.
Isoform 2: Cell membrane; Cilium membrane; Lysosome membrane; Endosome membrane. Sorted to late endosome/lysosome compartments upon internalization (PubMed:22282525). Specifically localizes to the primary cilium of undifferentiated adipocytes. Ciliary trafficking is TULP3-dependent. As the cilium is lost during adipogenesis, moves to the plasma membrane (Probable).

Topology

Extracellular: 1-45
Helical: 46-66
Cytoplasmic: 67-77
Helical: 78-98
Extracellular: 99-112
Helical: 113-133
Cytoplasmic: 134-156
Helical: 157-177
Extracellular: 178-204
Helical: 205-225
Cytoplasmic: 226-268
Helical: 269-289
Extracellular: 290-295
Helical: 296-316
Cytoplasmic: 317-361

PTM

Phosphorylated at two clusters of Ser and Thr residues located in the intracellular C-terminus, a prerequisite for FFAR4 internalization via an ARRB2-dependent pathway.