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GPNMB

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein which shows homology to the pMEL17 precursor, a melanocyte-specific protein. GPNMB shows expression in the lowly metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts but does not show expression in the highly metastatic cell lines. GPNMB may be involved in growth delay and reduction of metastatic potential. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]GPNMB (Glycoprotein Nmb) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GPNMB include Melanoma and Glioblastoma Multiforme. Among its related pathways are Signaling by GPCR and Signaling by PTK6. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include heparin binding and integrin binding. An important paralog of this gene is PMEL.Could be a melanogenic enzyme.
Full Name
Glycoprotein Nmb
Function
Could be a melanogenic enzyme.
Biological Process
Bone mineralization Source: Ensembl
Cell adhesion Source: GO_Central
Cell-cell signaling Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of cell population proliferation Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of cytokine production Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of neuron death Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of T cell activation Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of T cell proliferation Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Source: Ensembl
Osteoblast differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive chemotaxis Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of cell migration Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Regulation of angiogenesis Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Regulation of tissue remodeling Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Signal transduction Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Cellular Location
Cell membrane; Early endosome membrane; Melanosome membrane. Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV.
Involvement in disease
Increased expression levels in glioblastoma multiforme biopsy samples correlate with poor patient survival prognosis (PubMed:16609006). Has been proposed as a potential target for antibodies coupled to cytotoxic drugs in the context of cancer immunotherapy, including that of melanoma (PubMed:16489096).
Amyloidosis, primary localized cutaneous, 3 (PLCA3):
A primary amyloidosis characterized by localized cutaneous amyloid deposition. This condition usually presents with itching (especially on the lower legs) and visible changes of skin hyperpigmentation and thickening that may be exacerbated by chronic scratching and rubbing. Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis is often divided into macular and lichen subtypes although many affected individuals often show both variants coexisting. Lichen amyloidosis characteristically presents as a pruritic eruption of grouped hyperkeratotic papules with a predilection for the shins, calves, ankles and dorsa of feet and thighs. Papules may coalesce to form hyperkeratotic plaques that can resemble lichen planus, lichen simplex or nodular prurigo. Macular amyloidosis is characterized by small pigmented macules that may merge to produce macular hyperpigmentation, sometimes with a reticulate or rippled pattern. In macular and lichen amyloidosis, amyloid is deposited in the papillary dermis in association with grouped colloid bodies, thought to represent degenerate basal keratinocytes. The amyloid deposits probably reflect a combination of degenerate keratin filaments, serum amyloid P component, and deposition of immunoglobulins. PLCA3 inheritance is autosomal recessive.
Topology
Extracellular: 23-498
Helical: 499-519
Cytoplasmic: 520-572

Anti-GPNMB antibodies

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Target: GPNMB
Host: Rat
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a, κ
Specificity: Mouse
Clone: CTSREVL
Application*: F
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: HOST5DS
Application*: F
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-199
Application*: E, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBFYH-0451
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBFYH-0450
Application*: P
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: 7C10E5
Application*: E, WB, IH
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBFYH-0448
Application*: WB, IH
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBFYH-0449
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2b
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBXO-0378
Application*: WB, F, IC, MC
Target: GPNMB
Host: Rat
Antibody Isotype: IgG2b
Specificity: Mouse
Clone: CBXO-0376
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBXO-0511
Application*: WB, E, IH
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: 2F9
Application*: IH
Target: GPNMB
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: 105
Application*: E
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: 1A8
Application*: E, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: 1E3
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: 1G10
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: 224
Application*: E
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2b
Specificity: Human
Clone: 303822
Application*: F
Target: GPNMB
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: E1Y7J
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-2918
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-2919
Application*: WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-2923
Application*: IH, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-1626
Application*: E, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-1627
Application*: E, P, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG1, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-1629
Application*: E, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Mouse
Antibody Isotype: IgG2a, κ
Specificity: Human
Clone: CBLG1-1630
Application*: E, WB
Target: GPNMB
Host: Rabbit
Antibody Isotype: IgG
Specificity: Human
Clone: E4D7P
Application*: WB, IP, P
For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.
(P): Predicted
* Abbreviations
IFImmunofluorescence
IHImmunohistochemistry
IPImmunoprecipitation
WBWestern Blot
EELISA
MMicroarray
CIChromatin Immunoprecipitation
FFlow Cytometry
FNFunction Assay
IDImmunodiffusion
RRadioimmunoassay
TCTissue Culture
GSGel Supershift
NNeutralization
BBlocking
AActivation
IInhibition
DDepletion
ESELISpot
DBDot Blot
MCMass Cytometry/CyTOF
CTCytotoxicity
SStimulation
AGAgonist
APApoptosis
IMImmunomicroscopy
BABioassay
CSCostimulation
EMElectron Microscopy
IEImmunoelectrophoresis
PAPeptide Array
ICImmunocytochemistry
PEPeptide ELISA
MDMeDIP
SHIn situ hybridization
IAEnzyme Immunoassay
SEsandwich ELISA
PLProximity Ligation Assay
ECELISA(Cap)
EDELISA(Det)
BIBioimaging
IOImmunoassay
LFLateral Flow Immunoassay
LALuminex Assay
CImmunohistochemistry-Frozen Sections
PImmunohistologyp-Paraffin Sections
ISIntracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry
MSElectrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
RIRNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation (RIP)
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