PLCD4

Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PLC) plays an important role in receptor-mediated signal transduction by generating 2 second messenger molecules, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol, from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). PLC comprises a diverse family of enzymes that differ in structure and tissue distribution (Berridge, 1993 [PubMed 8381210]).[supplied by OMIM

Full Name

PLCD4

Function

Hydrolyzes the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to generate 2 second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). DAG mediates the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), while IP3 releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Required for acrosome reaction in sperm during fertilization, probably by acting as an important enzyme for intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. May play a role in cell growth. Modulates the liver regeneration in cooperation with nuclear PKC. Overexpression up-regulates the Erk signaling pathway and proliferation.
Isoform 2
Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) alpha subunit GNAI3.

Biological Process

Acrosome reactionIEA:Ensembl
Lipid catabolic processIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Phosphatidylinositol metabolic processIEA:InterPro
Phosphatidylinositol-mediated signalingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Small GTPase mediated signal transductionIDA:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Localizes primarily to intracellular membranes mostly to the endoplasmic reticulum.