PTPRM

PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP possesses an extracellular region, a single transmembrane region, and two tandem catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region contains a meprin-A5 antigen-PTP mu (MAM) domain, an Ig-like domain and four fibronectin type III-like repeats. This PTP has been shown to mediate cell-cell aggregation through the interaction with another molecule of this PTP on an adjacent cell. This PTP can interact with scaffolding protein RACK1/GNB2L1, which may be necessary for the downstream signaling in response to cell-cell adhesion.

Full Name

Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type M

Function

Receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase that mediates homotypic cell-cell interactions and plays a role in adipogenic differentiation via modulation of p120 catenin/CTNND1 phosphorylation (PubMed:17761881, PubMed:10753936).
Promotes CTNND1 dephosphorylation and prevents its cytoplasmic localization where it inhibits SLC2A4 membrane trafficking. In turn, SLC2A4 is directed to the plasma membrane and performs its glucose transporter function (PubMed:21998202).

Biological Process

Homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion moleculesManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of angiogenesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of endothelial cell migrationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Neuron projection developmentManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Protein dephosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Response to xenobiotic stimulusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Retina layer formationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Retinal ganglion cell axon guidanceManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Signal transductionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane
Localizes in regions of cell-cell contact.

Topology

Extracellular: 21-742
Helical: 743-764
Cytoplasmic: 765-1452