RPIA Antibodies

Background

RPIA is a metabolic enzyme protein widely expressed in various tissues, mainly involved in the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of riboketose-5-phosphate to ribose 5-phosphate, providing essential precursors for nucleotide synthesis and nucleic acid metabolism, and plays an important role in maintaining the basic functions of cells. Its abnormal activity is associated with various diseases. For instance, mutations in the RPIA gene can lead to ribose 5-phosphoisomerase deficiency, which affects neural development. The three-dimensional structure of this protein was analyzed by crystallography in the early 21st century, revealing its conserved (α/β) 8-barrel-shaped catalytic structure characteristics. Continuous research on RPIA has deepened people's understanding of the regulation of glucose metabolism, the mechanism of enzyme function, and the molecular basis of related genetic diseases.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of RPIA

RPIA is a metabolic enzyme with a molecular weight of approximately 32 kDa. Its precise molecular weight varies slightly among different species due to differences in amino acid sequences.

Species	Human	Mouse	Rat	Bovine
Molecular Weight (kDa)	32.1	32.0	32.2	32.1
Primary Structural Differences	Conservative TIM barrel structure, with His99 in the active center	His99 and others are of the same origin	His99 and others are of the same origin	Similar active centers

This protein is composed of approximately 311 amino acids and forms a classic (α/β) 8-barrel three-dimensional structure (TIM barrel structure) through the folding of its primary structure. The protein structure contains a catalytic center located at the C-terminal of the barrel structure. Its conserved histidine (His99) and glutamic acid residues constitute the key active sites, directly participating in substrate binding and catalytic reactions. The function of RPIA relies on a complete hydrophobic core and precise active pocket conformation to maintain efficient ribo5-phosphate synthesis capacity.

Fig. 1 RPIA Suppression Triggers Cell Death and Senescence.¹

Key structural properties of RPIA:

Classical (α/β)8 bucket structure (TIM bucket)
Hydrophobic core to maintain the overall conformational stability
Conservative active center (including key histidine residues) catalytic isomerization reaction substrates

Functions of RPIA

The main function of RPIA is to catalyze the isomerization of riboketose-5-phosphate in the pentose phosphate pathway, generating ribose-5-phosphate. In addition, it also plays a key role in cellular metabolic balance, oxidative stress response and nucleotide biosynthesis.

Function	Description
Nucleotide synthesis	The generated ribose 5-phosphate is an essential precursor for de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and is crucial for cell proliferation and genetic material replication.
Metabolic balance	Linking glycolysis with the pentose phosphate pathway, regulating the supply of NADPH and ribose, maintaining cellular REDOX homeostasis and biosynthetic requirements.
Oxidative stress protection	By supporting the pentose phosphate pathway and promoting NADPH generation, it provides reducing power for the glutathione reduction system and helps eliminate reactive oxygen species.
Cellular energy supply	The catalytic reaction to provide alternative paths to sugar metabolism, help maintain cells under specific conditions of flow of energy metabolism.
Disease association	Loss-of mutations in RPIA can lead to ribose 5-phosphoisomerase deficiency, affecting neural development and presenting as intellectual disability and white matter lesions.

Like many metabolic enzymes, the activity of RPIA is precisely regulated by substrate concentration, product feedback and cellular energy state to ensure that metabolic fluxes meet the physiological needs of cells. Its function is relatively single, mainly concentrated at the hub position of the pentose phosphate pathway.

Applications of RPIA and RPIA Antibody in Literature

Szwarc, Maria M., et al. "Steroid receptor coactivator-2 controls the pentose phosphate pathway through RPIA in human endometrial cancer cells." Scientific reports 8.1 (2018): 13134. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31372-y

Research has found that in endometrial cancer cells, knockdown of SRC-2 or RPIA can both inhibit cell proliferation and reduce the metabolic activity of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and pentose phosphate pathways, indicating that SRC-2 affects glucose metabolism pathways by regulating RPIA.

Nieh, Yu-Chin, et al. "Suppression of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase a induces ROS to activate autophagy, apoptosis, and cellular senescence in lung cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.14 (2022): 7883. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147883

Research has found that in lung cancer, the expression of RPIA protein is elevated. Inhibiting RPIA can lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species levels, thereby activating autophagy, apoptosis and senescence processes of cells, and thus inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells. This provides a new idea for the treatment of lung cancer.

Shen, Wen-Chi, et al. "Reduced ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A-1 expression in specific neurons and time points promotes longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans." Antioxidants 12.1 (2023): 124. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12010124

Research has found that in nematodes, specifically knocking down the rpia-1 gene can extend lifespan and improve health levels. The mechanism involves activating autophagy and the AMPK pathway, as well as reducing TOR signaling, especially with significant effects in glutamatergic or cholinergic neurons.

Chou, Yu-Ting, et al. "Identification of a noncanonical function for ribose-5-phosphate isomerase A promotes colorectal cancer formation by stabilizing and activating β-catenin via a novel C-terminal domain." PLoS Biology 16.1 (2018): e2003714. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2003714

The article indicates that the expression of RPIA is significantly elevated in colorectal cancer. Its non-classical function is to enter the cell nucleus, bind APC to β-catenin, thereby stabilizing β-catenin and promoting tumorigenesis. Targeting its C-terminal non-enzymatic active region may provide a new therapeutic strategy.

Ancer-Rodríguez, Jesús, et al. "Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis—Key Players in the Lung Aging Process." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25.14 (2024): 7867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147867

The article indicates that during the aging process of the lungs, the imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis is an important factor leading to related diseases. RPIA, p16 and others are involved in the regulation of this process, but their complete signaling pathways have not been fully elucidated at present and further research is needed.

Creative Biolabs: RPIA Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality RPIA antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom RPIA Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our RPIA antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Nieh, Yu-Chin, et al. "Suppression of ribose-5-phosphate isomerase a induces ROS to activate autophagy, apoptosis, and cellular senescence in lung cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.14 (2022): 7883. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147883