SYNM Antibodies

Structure of SYNM

SYNM is a large intermediate filament protein with a molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa. This molecular weight varies among different species, mainly due to different subtype splicing and post-translational modifications.

The primary structure of the SYNM protein consists of a head domain, a central α-helical rod-shaped domain, and a relatively long tail domain. Its core secondary structure is composed of a long α-helix in the central rod-shaped area, and this structure achieves polymerization through the coil-helix interaction. The tail domain contains multiple phosphorylation sites, which can specifically bind to other cytoskeletal proteins such as dystrophin and vimentin, thereby anchoring the intermediate filament network at the Z disk and costal structures of myofibrils and maintaining the mechanical integrity of muscle cells.

Fig. 1 Schematic of α- and β-synemin.¹

Key structural properties of SYNM:

• The protein has a typical three-domain structure of intermediate filaments (head, rod and tail)
• The rod-shaped area is a long α-helix
• The unique tail domain can bind actin, vimentin and other cytoskeletal proteins
• Adjusted dynamically by phosphorylation modification with the Z disk, rib structure of anchoring effect

Functions of SYNM

The main function of the SYNM gene is to provide structural support in muscle cells and participate in mechanical signal transduction. In addition, it also involves processes such as muscle development, injury repair, and maintaining nuclear stability.

SYNM proteins do not have direct oxygen-binding capacity. Their core function lies in forming the cytoskeleton and integrating mechanical and biochemical signals. This is fundamentally different from myoglobin, which has high oxygen affinity and is mainly responsible for gas storage and transportation, in terms of mechanism of action.

Applications of SYNM and SYNM Antibody in Literature

• Zlotina, Anna, et al. "Rare case of ulnar-mammary-like syndrome with left ventricular tachycardia and lack of TBX3 mutation." Frontiers in Genetics 9 (2018): 209. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00209

In this study, a missense variation (c.173C>T) of the SYNM gene was first identified through whole exome sequencing in a Russian female patient suspected of having ulnar and mammary syndrome. Combining the tissue expression characteristics of this gene and the phenotype of the mouse model, it is proposed that SYNM may be involved in the occurrence of cardial-limb syndrome, providing new clues for the genetic mechanism of related diseases.

• Chen, Siyu, et al. "A risk model of gene signatures for predicting platinum response and survival in ovarian cancer." Journal of Ovarian Research 15.1 (2022): 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-022-00969-3

In this study, through multi-omics analysis of ovarian cancer samples, a 10-gene classifier capable of accurately predicting the sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy and prognosis was constructed. Among them, PNLDC1, SLC5A1 and SYNM have been identified as key hub genes and can serve as potential biomarkers for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

• Shao, Quanfeng, et al. "Construction of a novel five programmed cell death-related gene signature as a promising prognostic model for triple negative breast cancer." PeerJ 13 (2025): e19359. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19359 

In this study, a prognostic model of TNBC was constructed based on PCD-related genes. It was established that the five-gene tag composed of SEPTIN3, SCARB1, CHML, SYNM and COL5A3 could effectively predict patient survival, and its risk score was significantly correlated with immune infiltration and drug sensitivity.

• Yu, Hengwei, et al. "Genome-wide association study reveals novel loci associated with body conformation traits in Qinchuan cattle." Animals 13.23 (2023): 3628. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233628 

In this study, through genome-wide association analysis, 250 candidate loci related to 14 body type traits were screened out from 254 Qinchuan cattle. It was ultimately confirmed that eight core genes, including SYNM (such as ADAMTS17, MEF2A, etc.), may regulate the growth and development of cattle, providing key molecular markers for subsequent breeding strategies.

• Wang, Lei, et al. "Identification of hub genes in bladder cancer based on weighted gene co‐expression network analysis from TCGA database." Cancer Reports 5.9 (2022): e1557. https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1557 

In this study, by integrating bioinformatics analysis, nine key genes related to the progression and prognosis of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) were screened out, including CNKSR1, SYNM, etc. The research further verified through experiments that CNKSR1 can serve as a potential therapeutic target for MIBC, providing a new basis for individualized diagnosis and treatment.

Creative Biolabs: SYNM Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality SYNM antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom SYNM Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our SYNM antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.