TGFB1 Antibodies

Structure of TGFB1

TGFB1 is a homodimer protein with a molecular weight of approximately 44 kDa. The size of its monomers varies slightly among different species due to the hydrolysis processing of precursor proteins and sequence differences.

This protein is composed of a precursor peptide of 390 amino acids, which is cleaved by protease to produce an active monomer of 112 amino acids. Its spatial structure is centered around a characteristic "cysteine junction" motif, consisting of a rigid framework formed by four antiparallel β -folds, and intramchain disulfide bonds are formed through nine conserved cysteine residues. The C-terminal α-helix is responsible for binding to type I receptors, and the receptor binding groove is composed of β-strand ring regions, which specifically recognize receptors on the cell surface. Latent associated peptide (LAP) maintains proteins in an inactive state through non-covalent interactions, and this regulatory mechanism plays a key role in the TGF-β signaling pathway.

Fig. 1 A Missense Variant (p.Arg218Cys) in the TGFB1 LAP Domain.¹

Key structural properties of TGFB1:

• Conservative cysteine junction structure
• Hydrophobic core keep folding conformation growth factors
• Latent associated peptide (LAP) shields active sites through non-covalent interactions

Functions of TGFB1

The main function of the protein encoded by the TGFB1 gene is to regulate cell growth, differentiation and immune response, while also participating in tissue repair and fibrosis processes.

The signal activation of TGFB1 follows a dual-pathway pattern of SMAD-dependent and SMad-independent. After binding to the receptor, it forms a phosphorylated Smad complex that enters the nucleus to regulate gene expression. Its dose-effect shows a biphase characteristic: low concentrations inhibit cell growth, while high concentrations promote fibrosis and tumor progression.

Applications of TGFB1 and TGFB1 Antibody in Literature

1. Wang, Cui-zhu, et al. "Comprehensive characterization of TGFB1 across hematological malignancies." Scientific Reports 13.1 (2023): 19107. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46552-8

The article indicates that TGFB1 is generally abnormally expressed in hematological malignancies and is associated with a poor prognosis. This gene affects the response to immunotherapy by regulating the tumor immune microenvironment and can serve as a potential target and predictive marker for immunotherapy.

2. Lu, Yingchang, et al. "TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms and coronary heart disease risk: a meta-analysis." BMC medical genetics 13.1 (2012): 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-13-39

The article indicates that variations in the TGFB1 gene are associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis shows that carriers of the secondary alleles rs1800469 and rs1982073 have a 14% and 18% increased risk of coronary heart disease, respectively, suggesting that the TGFB1 polymorphism is a potential genetic risk factor for CHD.

3. Trugilo, Kleber Paiva, et al. "Haplotype structures and protein levels of TGFB1 in HPV infection and cervical lesion: a case-control study." Cells 12.1 (2022): 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010084

Research has found that specific variations of the TGFB1 gene (such as c.1347C >T, c.29C>T) and haplotype *3 significantly increase the risk of HPV infection and affect the level of plasma TGF-β1, indicating that they play an important role in the development of cervical lesions.

4. Wodziński, Damian, et al. "Assessment of the TGFB1 gene expression and methylation status of the promoter region in patients with colorectal cancer." Scientific Reports 12.1 (2022): 11488. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15599-4

This study shows that the expression level of the TGFB1 gene in colorectal cancer is related to the TNM stage, and higher expression is associated with no vascular invasion and lymphocyte infiltration, suggesting that its down-regulation may promote tumor progression.

5. Szaluś-Jordanow, Olga, et al. "A primary multiple pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the heart in an adult dog." BMC Veterinary Research 19.1 (2023): 137. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093938

Meta-analysis indicates that the high expression (HP) haplotype of the TGFB1 gene significantly increases the risk of acute rejection in recipients of solid organ transplants, especially heart transplants, while the medium and low expression haplotypes have a lower risk.

Creative Biolabs: TGFB1 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality TGFB1 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom TGFB1 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our TGFB1 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.