WNT3

The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Wnt-3 and Wnt-3a play distinct roles in cell-cell signaling during morphogenesis of the developing neural tube.

Full Name

Wnt family member 3

Function

Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family (PubMed:26902720).
Required for normal gastrulation, formation of the primitive streak, and for the formation of the mesoderm during early embryogenesis. Required for normal formation of the apical ectodermal ridge (By similarity).
Required for normal embryonic development, and especially for limb development (PubMed:14872406).

Biological Process

Biological Process anterior/posterior axis specification Source:Ensembl
Biological Process axon guidance Source:Ensembl
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in osteoblast differentiation Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in stem cell proliferation Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process cell fate commitment Source:GO_Central1 Publication
Biological Process cell morphogenesis Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process cellular response to retinoic acid Source:UniProtKB
Biological Process dorsal/ventral axis specification Source:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic forelimb morphogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process gamete generation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process gene expression Source:Ensembl
Biological Process head morphogenesis Source:Ensembl
Biological Process limb bud formation Source:BHF-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process mammary gland epithelium development Source:UniProtKB1 Publication
Biological Process mesoderm formation Source:Ensembl
Biological Process negative regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance Source:Ensembl
Biological Process neuron differentiation Source:UniProtKB
Biological Process positive regulation of collateral sprouting in absence of injury Source:Ensembl
Biological Process positive regulation of gene expression Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway Source:Ensembl
Biological Process regulation of neurogenesis Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication
Biological Process Spemann organizer formation at the anterior end of the primitive streak Source:Ensembl
Biological Process stem cell proliferation Source:ParkinsonsUK-UCL1 Publication

Cellular Location

Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix
Secreted

Involvement in disease

Tetraamelia syndrome 1 (TETAMS1):
A form of tetraamelia, a rare disease characterized by rudimentary appendages or complete absence of all four limbs, and other anomalies such as craniofacial, nervous system, pulmonary, skeletal and urogenital defects. TETAMS1 patients manifest complete limb agenesis without defects of scapulae or clavicles. Other features include bilateral cleft lip/palate, diaphragmatic defect with bilobar right lung, renal and adrenal agenesis, pelvic hypoplasia, and urogenital defects. TETAMS1 transmission pattern is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.

PTM

Palmitoleoylation is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Depalmitoleoylation leads to Wnt signaling pathway inhibition.