ACTB Antibodies

Structure of ACTB

The molecular weight of β -actin encoded by the ACTB gene is approximately 42 kDa, and this value is highly conserved among different species. Its amino acid sequence contains approximately 375 residues, forming a spherical structure with ATP/ actin binding fissures. This protein polymerizes to form microfilaments, which constitute the core components of the cytoskeleton.

The spherical domain of this protein is composed of four subdomains, among which the fissures formed by subdomain 1 and subdomain 3 are responsible for ATP binding. This characteristic structure is highly stable during the evolution of eukaryotes. The acidic amino acid region at its N-terminal provides an interaction interface for other actin binding proteins, and this structural characteristic supports its core functions in key life activities such as cell movement and cytoplasmic division.

Fig. 1 Schematic representations of ACTB mutations.¹

Key structural properties of ACTB:

• Conformation globular monomer contains four structure subdomains
• Conserved ATP/ divalent cation binding fissures
• Highly exposed to N end with C end as protein interaction interface

Functions of ACTB

The β -actin encoded by the ACTB gene mainly functions to form the cytoskeleton and maintain cell morphology, while also participating in a variety of key physiological activities:

β -actin achieves functional transformation through the dynamic balance between G-actin monomers and F-actin fibers. Its polymerization process is synergistic regulated by ATP hydrolysis and coproteins. This structural plasticity makes it a core hub connecting cellular physical properties and biological signal transduction.

Applications of ACTB and ACTB Antibody in Literature

1. Dai, Shangzhi, Huijun Wang, and Zhimiao Lin. "ACTB Mutations Analysis and Genotype–Phenotype Correlation in Becker's Nevus." Biomedicines 9.12 (2021): 1879. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9121879

In this study, it was found that among 20 Chinese patients with Baker's nevus, the majority had a c.C439A/T somatic mutation in the ACTB gene, and the mutation was not limited to the rector pili muscle. More than 20% of the patients were not detected with this mutation, suggesting genetic heterogeneity. Genotype-phenotypic analysis revealed that larger lesions such as the upper trunk and upper limbs were more prone to ACTB mutations.

2. Cuvertino, Sara, et al. "ACTB loss-of-function mutations result in a pleiotropic developmental disorder." The American Journal of Human Genetics 101.6 (2017): 1021-1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.11.006

This study is the first to confirm that loss-of-function mutations in the ACTB gene can lead to a novel syndrome. The patient presents with developmental delay, intellectual disability, and malformations of the heart/kidneys, etc. Mechanistically, an insufficient single dose of ACTB can alter cell morphology, migration and proliferation, and affect gene expression, thereby damaging organ development.

3. Liu, Chunlan, et al. "ACTB methylation in blood as a potential marker for the pre-clinical detection of stroke: a prospective nested case-control study." Frontiers in neuroscience 15 (2021): 644943. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.644943

This study is the first to find that hypomethylation of the ACTB gene in the blood is significantly associated with a short-term (especially within 2 years) risk of stroke. The lower the methylation level, the higher the risk. This indicates that ACTB methylation can serve as a novel biomarker for early risk warning of stroke.

4. Jialie, et al. "The association between ACTB methylation in peripheral blood and coronary heart disease in a case-control study." Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 9 (2022): 972566. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.972566

This study is the first to find that hypermethylation of the ACTB gene in the blood is significantly associated with the risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese people, especially in men and patients with heart failure. The combined detection of multiple CpG loci can effectively distinguish coronary heart disease, suggesting that it can be used as a new risk assessment marker.

5. Li, Mengxia, et al. "ACTB variants confer the genetic susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease in a Han Chinese population." Frontiers in Genetics 10 (2019): 663. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00663

In this study, it was found that the common variants rs852426 and rs2966449 of the ACTB gene in the Han population with type 2 diabetes were significantly associated with the genetic susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy (DKD). Among them, rs852426 is particularly significantly associated with the risk of DKD in people over 70 years old, providing evidence for the role of ACTB in DKD.

Creative Biolabs: ACTB Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality ACTB antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom ACTB Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our ACTB antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.