AKR1B1

This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. This member catalyzes the reduction of a number of aldehydes, including the aldehyde form of glucose, and is thereby implicated in the development of diabetic complications by catalyzing the reduction of glucose to sorbitol. Multiple pseudogenes have been identified for this gene. The nomenclature system used by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee to define human aldo-keto reductase family members is known to differ from that used by the Mouse Genome Informatics database. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

Full Name

Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B

Function

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosacharides, bile acids and xenobiotics substrates. Key enzyme in the polyol pathway, catalyzes reduction of glucose to sorbitol during hyperglycemia (PubMed:1936586). Reduces steroids and their derivatives and prostaglandins. Displays low enzymatic activity toward all-trans-retinal, 9-cis-retinal, and 13-cis-retinal (PubMed:12732097, PubMed:19010934, PubMed:8343525). Catalyzes the reduction of diverse phospholipid aldehydes such as 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamin (POVPC) and related phospholipid aldehydes that are generated from the oxydation of phosphotidylcholine and phosphatdyleethanolamides (PubMed:17381426). Plays a role in detoxifying dietary and lipid-derived unsaturated carbonyls, such as crotonaldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2,4-hexadienal and their glutathione-conjugates carbonyls (GS-carbonyls) (PubMed:21329684).

Biological Process

C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process Source: Reactome
Carbohydrate metabolic process Source: ProtInc
Cellular hyperosmotic salinity response Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to methylglyoxal Source: Ensembl
Cellular response to peptide Source: Ensembl
Daunorubicin metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Doxorubicin metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Epithelial cell maturation Source: Ensembl
Fructose biosynthetic process Source: Reactome
Inner medullary collecting duct development Source: Ensembl
Maternal process involved in female pregnancy Source: Ensembl
Metanephric collecting duct development Source: Ensembl
Naphthalene metabolic process Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: Ensembl
Norepinephrine metabolic process Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Regulation of urine volume Source: Ensembl
Renal water homeostasis Source: Ensembl
Response to thyroid hormone Source: Ensembl
Response to water deprivation Source: Ensembl
Retinoid metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Sorbitol biosynthetic process Source: Ensembl
Stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade Source: Ensembl
Tissue homeostasis Source: Ensembl