CAV2

The protein encoded by this gene is a major component of the inner surface of caveolae, small invaginations of the plasma membrane, and is involved in essential cellular functions, including signal transduction, lipid metabolism, cellular growth control and apoptosis. This protein may function as a tumor suppressor. This gene and related family member (CAV1) are located next to each other on chromosome 7, and express colocalizing proteins that form a stable hetero-oligomeric complex. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. Additional isoforms resulting from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation codons have also been described, and shown to have preferential localization in the cell (PMID:11238462). [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

Full Name

Caveolin 2

Function

May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. Interacts directly with G-protein alpha subunits and can functionally regulate their activity. Acts as an accessory protein in conjunction with CAV1 in targeting to lipid rafts and driving caveolae formation. The Ser-36 phosphorylated form has a role in modulating mitosis in endothelial cells. Positive regulator of cellular mitogenesis of the MAPK signaling pathway. Required for the insulin-stimulated nuclear translocation and activation of MAPK1 and STAT3, and the subsequent regulation of cell cycle progression (By similarity).

Biological Process

Basement membrane organization Source: Ensembl
Caveola assembly Source: BHF-UCL
Cell differentiation Source: GO_Central
Endoplasmic reticulum organization Source: UniProtKB
Insulin receptor signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Mitochondrion organization Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation by host of viral process Source: AgBase
Positive regulation by host of viral release from host cell Source: AgBase
Positive regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of GTPase activity Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of MAPK cascade Source: BHF-UCL
Receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell Source: CACAO
Regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: GO_Central
Regulation of mitotic nuclear division Source: BHF-UCL
Skeletal muscle fiber development Source: UniProtKB
Vesicle docking Source: BHF-UCL
Vesicle fusion Source: BHF-UCL
Vesicle organization Source: BHF-UCL

Cellular Location

Cell membrane; Golgi apparatus membrane; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Caveola. Potential hairpin-like structure in the membrane. Membrane protein of caveolae. Tyr-19-phosphorylated form is enriched at sites of cell-cell contact and is translocated to the nucleus in complex with MAPK1 in response to insulin (By similarity). Tyr-27-phosphorylated form is located both in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. CAV1-mediated Ser-23-phosphorylated form locates to the plasma membrane. Ser-36-phosphorylated form resides in intracellular compartments.

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-86
Helical: 87-107
Cytoplasmic: 108-162

PTM

Phosphorylated on serine and tyrosine residues. CAV1 promotes phosphorylation on Ser-23 which then targets the complex to the plasma membrane, lipid rafts and caveolae. Phosphorylation on Ser-36 appears to modulate mitosis in endothelial cells (By similarity). Phosphorylation on both Tyr-19 and Tyr-27 is required for insulin-induced 'Ser-727' phosphorylation of STAT3 and its activation. Phosphorylation on Tyr-19 is required for insulin-induced phosphorylation of MAPK1 and DNA binding of STAT3. Tyrosine phosphorylation is induced by both EGF and insulin (By similarity).