GPR161

Upon ligand binding, G protein-coupled receptors, such as GPR161, activate cytoplasmic G proteins (see GNAS, MIM 139320), allowing the receptors to transduce extracellular signals across the plasma membrane into the cell. Phosphorylation of the receptor attenuates signaling (Matteson et al., 2008 [PubMed 18250320]).[supplied by OMIM

Full Name

G protein-coupled receptor 161

Function

Key negative regulator of Shh signaling, which promotes the processing of GLI3 into GLI3R during neural tube development. Recruited by TULP3 and the IFT-A complex to primary cilia and acts as a regulator of the PKA-dependent basal repression machinery in Shh signaling by increasing cAMP levels, leading to promote the PKA-dependent processing of GLI3 into GLI3R and repress the Shh signaling. In presence of SHH, it is removed from primary cilia and is internalized into recycling endosomes, preventing its activity and allowing activation of the Shh signaling. Its ligand is unknown (By similarity).

Biological Process

Adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cilium membrane; Cell membrane. Mainly localizes to primary cilium in a TULP3 and IFT-A complex-dependent manner. In presence of SHH, it is removed from primary cilia and is internalized into recycling endosomes and is apparently not degraded (By similarity).

Topology

Extracellular: 1-30
Helical: 31-51
Cytoplasmic: 52-64
Helical: 65-85
Extracellular: 86-101
Helical: 102-123
Cytoplasmic: 124-143
Helical: 144-164
Extracellular: 165-190
Helical: 191-211
Cytoplasmic: 212-269
Helical: 270-290
Extracellular: 291-306
Helical: 307-327
Cytoplasmic: 328-529