LCAT

This gene encodes the extracellular cholesterol esterifying enzyme, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. The esterification of cholesterol is required for cholesterol transport. Mutations in this gene have been found to cause fish-eye disease as well as LCAT deficiency. [provided by RefSeq]

LCAT

Central enzyme in the extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. Synthesized mainly in the liver and secreted into plasma where it converts cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) to cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines on the surface of high and low density lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs) (PubMed:10329423, PubMed:19065001, PubMed:26195816).
The cholesterol ester is then transported back to the liver. Has a preference for plasma 16:0-18:2 or 18:O-18:2 phosphatidylcholines (PubMed:8820107).
Also produced in the brain by primary astrocytes, and esterifies free cholesterol on nascent APOE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glia and influences cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) APOE- and APOA1 levels. Together with APOE and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, plays a key role in the maturation of glial-derived, nascent lipoproteins. Required for remodeling high-density lipoprotein particles into their spherical forms (PubMed:10722751).
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet-activating factor or PAF) to 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) (PubMed:8016111).
Also catalyzes the transfer of the acetate group from PAF to 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine forming lyso-PAF (PubMed:8016111).
Catalyzes the esterification of (24S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)OH-C), also known as cerebrosterol to produce 24(S)OH-C monoesters (PubMed:24620755).

Cholesterol esterificationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Cholesterol homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Cholesterol metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Cholesterol transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:MGI
High-density lipoprotein particle remodelingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Lipid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Lipoprotein biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Phosphatidylcholine metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Phospholipid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assemblyIEA:Ensembl
Response to copper ionIEA:Ensembl
Response to glucocorticoidIEA:Ensembl
Reverse cholesterol transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodelingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL

Secreted
Secreted into blood plasma (PubMed:3458198, PubMed:8820107, PubMed:10222237).
Produced in astrocytes and secreted into cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (PubMed:10222237).

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency (LCATD):
A disorder of lipoprotein metabolism characterized by inadequate esterification of plasmatic cholesterol. Two clinical forms are recognized: complete LCAT deficiency and fish-eye disease. LCATD is generally referred to the complete form which is associated with absence of both alpha and beta LCAT activities resulting in esterification anomalies involving both HDL (alpha-LCAT activity) and LDL (beta-LCAT activity). It causes a typical triad of diffuse corneal opacities, target cell hemolytic anemia, and proteinuria with renal failure.
Fish-eye disease (FED):
A disorder of lipoprotein metabolism due to partial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency that affects only alpha-LCAT activity. FED is characterized by low plasma HDL and corneal opacities due to accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the cornea ('fish-eye').

O- and N-glycosylated. O-glycosylation on Thr-431 and Ser-433 consists of sialylated galactose beta 1-->3N-acetylgalactosamine structures. N-glycosylated sites contain sialylated triantennary and/or biantennary complex structures.