GRM8

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.

Full Name

glutamate metabotropic receptor 8

Function

G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.

Biological Process

Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Source: GO_Central
Visual perception Source: ProtInc

Cellular Location

Cell membrane

Topology

Extracellular: 34-583
Helical: 584-608
Cytoplasmic: 609-620
Helical: 621-641
Extracellular: 642-647
Helical: 648-668
Cytoplasmic: 669-695
Helical: 696-716
Extracellular: 717-746
Helical: 747-768
Cytoplasmic: 769-781
Helical: 782-803
Extracellular: 804-818
Helical: 819-843
Cytoplasmic: 844-908