WNT10A Antibodies

Background

The WNT10A gene belongs to the WNT signaling pathway family and encodes a secreted glycoprotein. It is mainly expressed in the skin, teeth, hair, and various epithelial tissues. This protein participates in regulating key developmental processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration by activating the classical β-catenin signaling pathway. It plays an important role in embryonic development and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Mutations in the WNT10A gene are associated with various human developmental abnormalities. The most typical one is the cause of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, where patients exhibit abnormal tooth development, sparse hair, and dysfunction of sweat glands. Additionally, the variation of this gene is also closely related to isolated dental malformations such as congenital tooth absence and abnormal dentin development. Since the WNT gene family was systematically identified in the 1990s, WNT10A, as an important member of this family, has continued to receive extensive attention in developmental biology and regenerative medicine. It provides an important theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms of ectodermal organ development and the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of WNT10A

The protein encoded by the WNT10A gene has a molecular weight of approximately 47 kDa, and there are certain differences among different species. This protein is relatively conserved in mammals, but there are species-specific variations in the key functional domains, which may affect its signaling pathway activity.

Species	Human	Mouse	Zebrafish	Cow
Molecular Weight (kDa)	47	46.8	45.5	47.2
Primary Structural Differences	Contains typical WNT domain	Homology to humans is approximately 93%	Relatively primitive in evolution	Highly homologous to humans

The WNT10A protein is composed of 417 amino acids and its primary structure contains the characteristic domain of the typical WNT signaling molecule. The three-dimensional conformation of this protein folds to form multiple conserved functional regions, including a network of disulfide bonds formed by multiple cysteine residues, which is crucial for maintaining the stability of the protein structure. The secondary structure of WNT10A is rich in α-helices and β-sheet, together forming a hydrophobic core. The N-terminal domain of the protein is responsible for guiding secretion, while the C-terminal contains a conserved palmitoylation site, which is essential for the binding of WNT proteins to receptors and the activity of signal transduction. Additionally, conserved amino acid residues at specific positions within the molecule participate in the formation of disulfide bonds, ensuring the correct folding and biological function of the protein.

Fig. 1 Structural and H-Bond Analysis of WNT10A Wild-Type and Mutants (R171C, G213S).¹

Key structural properties of WNT10A:

The typical domain of WNT signaling molecules
Multiple conserved cysteine residues form a disulfide bond network
The N-terminal signal peptide guides protein secretion
The C-terminal palmitoylation site is crucial for receptor binding

Functions of WNT10A

The protein encoded by the WNT10A gene mainly participates in embryonic development and the regulation of tissue homeostasis, and exerts multiple biological functions through the classical WNT signaling pathway.

Function	Description
Tooth development	Regulates the interaction between epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells, influencing the morphogenesis of the dental bud and the formation of dentin.
Hair follicle formation	Participates in the differentiation of hair follicle stem cells and the establishment of hair shaft structure, maintaining the normal growth cycle of hair .
Ectodermal organogenesis	Coordinates the early development and differentiation of ectodermal accessory structures such as skin and sweat glands.
Signal pathway activation	Combines Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 co-receptors to initiate transcriptional regulation mediated by β-catenin.
Cell fate determination	Regulates the balance of proliferation and differentiation of epithelial precursor cells, affecting the formation of tissue morphology.

The β-catenin signaling activation curve of the protein encoded by the WNT10A gene exhibits the typical ligand-receptor binding characteristics. After binding to the Frizzled family receptors, it initiates a downstream signal cascade reaction, reflecting its concentration-dependent regulatory role as a morphogen during the development process.

Applications of WNT10A and WNT10A Antibody in Literature

1. Liu, Yiting, et al. "Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia." BMC Oral Health 24.1 (2024): 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5

The article indicates that both brothers suffered from hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, but the younger brother had fewer missing teeth. Whole exome sequencing revealed that the brothers shared an EDA variation, while the elder brother additionally carried a compound heterozygous variation of WNT10A, which might have exacerbated the phenotype of tooth loss.

2. Li, Yue, et al. "Effect of Wnt10a/β-catenin signaling pathway on promoting the repair of different types of dentin-pulp injury." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 59.7 (2023): 486-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-023-00785-z

The article indicates that Wnt10a plays a crucial role in the repair of tooth damage in mice. The grinding and cutting injury model shows that the temporal and spatial differences in Wnt10a expression affect the repair process. Activating the Wnt10a/β-catenin signal can promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells and odontogenic differentiation, providing a new target for tooth regeneration.

3. Yoshinaga, Kaoru, et al. "Effects of Wnt10a and Wnt10b double mutations on tooth development." Genes 14.2 (2023): 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14020340

The article indicates that WNT10A and WNT10B have redundant functions in tooth development. A single gene mutation does not reduce the number of teeth, while a double gene knockout results in tooth loss. The two interact with each other and participate in a reaction-diffusion feedback loop, jointly regulating the spatial patterning and development of teeth.

4. Zhang, Jia-He, et al. "Deficiency of Wnt10a causes female infertility via the β-catenin/Cyp19a1 pathway in mice." International Journal of Medical Sciences 19.4 (2022): 701. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.71127

The article indicates that Wnt10a knockout mice exhibit disrupted estrous cycles, reduced follicles, and thinning of the endometrium, leading to infertility. The mechanism is related to the weakened β-catenin signal in the ovary and the down-regulation of Cyp19a1 expression, revealing the crucial role of Wnt10a in female reproduction.

5. Sun, Kai, et al. "A Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis controls Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cell behaviors during root furcation patterning." International journal of oral science 16.1 (2024): 25. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-024-00288-x

The article indicates that Wnt10a regulates the proliferation and horizontal division of HERS cells through the Notch signaling pathway, and affects the morphology of root bifurcation. The absence of epithelial Wnt10a leads to abnormal cell division direction and defects in root development. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway can partially rescue this phenotype.

Creative Biolabs: WNT10A Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality WNT10A antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom WNT10A Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our WNT10A antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Liu, Yiting, et al. "Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia." BMC Oral Health 24.1 (2024): 136. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5